The optical microscope is mainly composed of a mechanical part, an illumination part and an optical part.
Mechanical part
Mirror base: The base of the microscope to support the entire mirror body.
Mirror column: The part of the mirror that is upright, used to connect the mirror base and the mirror arm.
Mirror arm: one end is connected to the mirror column, and one end is connected to the lens barrel, specifically the part that is held when the microscope is taken.
The lens barrel is connected to the front upper side of the mirror arm, the eyepiece is mounted on the upper end of the lens barrel, and the objective lens converter is mounted on the lower end.
The objective lens converter: also called the rotator, is connected to the lower part of the prism shell and can be freely rotated. There are 3 to 4 circular holes on the disc, which is the position of the objective lens. You can change the objective lens of different multiples by simply turning the converter. When you hear the click, you can observe. At this time, the optical axis of the objective lens is just aligned with the center of the light-passing hole, and the optical path is turned on. After converting the objective lens, the coarse adjuster is not allowed, and only the fine adjuster can be used to make the image clearer.
Stage: The stage is below the barrel. The shape is square and round. It is generally used to place slide specimens. There are light holes in the center. The microscope we usually use has glass on the stage. The specimen propeller has a spring clip on the left side of the propeller for holding the specimen of the slide. At the same time, there is also a propeller adjustment wheel under the stage, which can make the slide specimen move flexibly in the left and right direction.
Regulator: It is a large and small spiral mounted on the mirror column. When adjusting, the mirror can move freely in the up and down direction.
1. Coarse regulator (ie coarse spiral): The large spiral is called the coarse adjuster. When moving, the stage can be moved quickly and with a large amplitude. At the same time, the distance between the objective lens and the specimen can be quickly adjusted to make the object appear on the object. In the field of vision, in general, when using a low power mirror, you should first use the coarse adjuster to quickly find the object.
2. Fine adjuster (ie fine focus spiral): Small spiral is called fine adjuster. It can make the stage rise and fall slowly when moving. It is generally used when using high power mirror to get clearer image and better. Observe the different levels of the specimen and the structure of different depths.
The illuminated part is usually mounted under the stage, including mirrors and concentrators.
Reflector: mounted on the lens holder, it can be flexed in any direction. At the same time, it has two sides, flat and concave. It can reflect the light from the light source to the concentrator, and then illuminate the specimen through the light hole. The concave mirror has a strong light collecting effect. It is suitable for use when the light is weak. The plane mirror has a weak light collecting effect and is suitable for use when the light is strong.
The concentrator: and the concentrator are located on the concentrator frame below the stage, and are composed of a concentrating mirror and an aperture, which can concentrate the light on the specimen to be observed.
1. Condenser: It consists of one or several lenses, which acts to converge light, further enhances the illumination of the specimen, and enables light to enter the objective lens. At the same time, there is an adjustment spiral next to the mirror column, which can be flexibly raised and lowered. To adjust the brightness of the field of view.
2. Aperture: and rainbow aperture, located under the concentrating mirror, generally consists of more than a dozen sheets of metal, a handle will be extended on the outside, push it to adjust the size of the opening, and further adjust the amount of light.
Optical part
Eyepiece: mounted on the upper end of the lens barrel, usually equipped with 2-3, while engraved with 5 ×, 10 × or 15 × symbols to indicate its magnification, generally installed 10 × eyepiece.
Objective lens: It is mounted on the rotator at the lower end of the lens barrel. It is usually equipped with 3-4 objective lenses, the shortest engraved with the "10×" symbol, which is a low magnification mirror. The longer is engraved with the "40×" symbol, which is high. The mirror, the longest engraved with the "100 ×" symbol is the oil mirror. In addition, a circle of different colors is often added to the high power mirror and the oil mirror to distinguish the two.
Beijing Khan Meng Zixing Instrument Co., Ltd. ( )
